دوره 13، شماره 4 - ( 9-1404 )
جلد 13 شماره 4 صفحات 5-5 |
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Ethics code: IR.HSU.REC.1402.001
Clinical trials code: IR.HSU.REC.1402.001
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Kojouri A, Askari R, Haghighi A H, cordi S. The Effects of Land vs. Water Combined Exercise Training on ANGPTL4 and Postural Control in Elderly Men with Metabolic Syndrome. Iran J Health Sci 2025; 13 (4) :5-5
URL: http://jhs.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-1030-fa.html
URL: http://jhs.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-1030-fa.html
The Effects of Land vs. Water Combined Exercise Training on ANGPTL4 and Postural Control in Elderly Men with Metabolic Syndrome. علوم بهداشتی ایران. 1404; 13 (4) :5-5
چکیده: (55 مشاهده)
Background and Purpose: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of disorders increasing cardiovascular risk. Exercise is a key intervention, but the optimal environment (land vs. water) for modulating metabolic hepatokines like angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) and improving functional outcomes like balance in the elderly with MetS remains unclear. This study compared the effects of eight-week combined (aerobic + resistance) exercise programs performed on land versus in water on ANGPTL4 levels, balance, and anthropometric indices in elderly men with MetS.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 45 elderly men (age: 63. 14 ± 3.23) with MetS were assigned to three groups: water exercise (WE), land exercise (LE), and a control group (CG). The exercise interventions consisted of three sessions per week for eight weeks. Fasting serum ANGPTL4 levels, functional balance (static and dynamic), and anthropometric indices were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, Friedman, and appropriate Bonferroni and Games-Howell post-hoc tests.
Results: While ANGPTL4 levels decreased slightly in the exercise groups and increased in the CG, these changes were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Both exercise groups showed significant within-group improvements in dynamic balance and static balance with eyes open (p < 0.05), but no significant between-group differences were found. Body mass index (BMI) decreased significantly only in the WE group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of combined exercise training, whether on land or in water, improved balance performance but did not significantly alter serum ANGPTL4 levels in elderly men with MetS. Water-based exercise may offer a superior advantage for reducing BMI. The lack of significant change in ANGPTL4 may suggest a complex relationship influenced by age, training duration, and measurement specificity, warranting further investigation.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 45 elderly men (age: 63. 14 ± 3.23) with MetS were assigned to three groups: water exercise (WE), land exercise (LE), and a control group (CG). The exercise interventions consisted of three sessions per week for eight weeks. Fasting serum ANGPTL4 levels, functional balance (static and dynamic), and anthropometric indices were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, Friedman, and appropriate Bonferroni and Games-Howell post-hoc tests.
Results: While ANGPTL4 levels decreased slightly in the exercise groups and increased in the CG, these changes were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Both exercise groups showed significant within-group improvements in dynamic balance and static balance with eyes open (p < 0.05), but no significant between-group differences were found. Body mass index (BMI) decreased significantly only in the WE group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of combined exercise training, whether on land or in water, improved balance performance but did not significantly alter serum ANGPTL4 levels in elderly men with MetS. Water-based exercise may offer a superior advantage for reducing BMI. The lack of significant change in ANGPTL4 may suggest a complex relationship influenced by age, training duration, and measurement specificity, warranting further investigation.
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